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Chinese agricultural technology transfer to African typical dry areas: practice and experience
Qiuxia MENG, Jianjie ZHANG, Wenyan XIE, Huaiping ZHOU, Qiang ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第4期 页码 440-454 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020353
Africa has experienced increasing aridity and higher frequency of droughts due to climate change during the half past century with possible adverse effects on agricultural production, especially in dry areas with low rainfall. Under the auspices of the Africa Water Action Program between the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS-IAER) has worked closely with domestic and overseas partners on technology transfer in Morocco, Zambia, Egypt, Niger and Ethiopia from 2008 to 2013. A drought early warning system has been established and validated, and drought adaptation technologies have been trialed, modified, demonstrated and extended in African countries, and this shows great potential to increase crop production, water and fertilizer use efficiency and desert control in rainfed areas of Africa. The project has continued for six years and is a successful case of technology transfer and capacity building in Africa. The knowledge and experience gained will be useful to researchers, technicians, aid agencies and policy makers who work on agricultural technology transfer for in dry areas of Africa.
关键词: drought early warning adaptation technology China United Nations Environment Program Africa
SUSTAINABLE PLANT PEST MANAGEMENT THROUGH OPTIMIZATION AND MINIMIZATION
Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第1期 页码 161-166 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021426
Plant pests and diseases have significant negative impacts on global food security, world trade and rural livelihoods. Climate change exacerbates these impacts in certain parts of the world. Overreliance on pesticides as the primary tool for plant pest management leads to problems such as pesticide resistance and pest resurgence. Environmental and food safety concerns are also associated with overuse of pesticides in crop production. There is clearly a need for a shift in pest management strategies and practices globally. Optimization of structures and functions in crop production agroecosystems through soil conservation practices and cropping diversification can improve pest regulation services provided in the systems. Prioritization of safer alternatives and practices in the IPM pyramid, such as resistant varieties and biopesticides, helps minimize the use of potentially risky agricultural inputs such as synthetic pesticides. Investment is needed to boost the development of innovative green technologies and practices. Production, distribution, use and regulatory capacities need to be strengthened to facilitate large-scale adoption of green technologies and practices. Finally, policy, financial and market instruments should be wielded to provide an enabling environment for the transformation to sustainable plant pest and disease management strategies and practices worldwide.
高云, 高翔, 张晓华
《工程(英文)》 2017年 第3卷 第2期 页码 272-278 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.022
《巴黎协定》提出把全球平均地表气温升幅控制在较工业化前水平的2°C 之内,并努力限制在1.5°C之内。这是第一个使“全球2°C 温升目标”具备法律效力的国际条约,《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条关于最终目标的定性表述,至此演进为《巴黎协定》第二条包含具体数值的全球温升目标。从政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 第二次评估开始,为《联合国气候变化框架公约》谈判提供有助于确定定量化长期目标的科学信息就成为后续历次评估的重要任务,但由于涉及非科学评估范畴的价值判断,IPCC 从未从科学上认定全球升温到何种程度是不可接受的。应对气候变化长期目标的确定经历了长期的过程,“全球2°C 温升目标”是建立在科学评估基础上的一个政治共识。本文从“全球2°C 温升目标”的由来、IPCC 围绕《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条开展的系列评估,以及不同政治层面对温升目标的推动等几个方面,分析了国际应对气候变化长期目标的演进过程,及其对未来科学评估、谈判进程和全球低碳发展走向的影响。
关键词: 气候变化 国际谈判 政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 长期目标 关键脆弱性 制度建设
王磊,陈华,康美泽,马晓川
《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第6期 页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.015
本文以博弈论观点探讨海洋维权问题,包括海洋维权在处理海洋争端中的作用和地位,我国海洋维权博弈的性质、方向及博弈要素。当前阶段,推动海洋维权博弈微观化、事务性处理,从维权斗争向联合管治方向发展符合我国的国家利益。将作为海洋维权“斗争前线”的海上维权区分为“争议海区进入”“渔船越界维权”“非合作渔业博弈模型”3类基本博弈过程,分别开展博弈分析,据此研判我国海上维权力量建设的重点方向。研究表明:提高海洋产业科技水平、发展维权技术手段可以有效改变博弈收益,从而实现有利的博弈均衡;发展高技术干扰手段、水下防护技术、海洋广域监视技术和远海渔业开发技术,是在重复博弈过程中获得优势地位的重要保障。
Haloacetic acids in swimming pool and spa water in the United States and China
Xiaomao WANG,Garcia Leal M I,Xiaolu ZHANG,Hongwei YANG,Yuefeng XIE
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第6期 页码 820-824 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0712-7
关键词: chlorination disinfection byproduct haloacetic acid swimming pool trihalomethane
Evolving perspectives on biofuels in the United States
Lisa C. DIRKS, Gary W. DIRKS, Jianguo WU
《能源前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第4期 页码 379-393 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0213-y
Sustainable Program Quality Management of International Infrastructure Construction
Steve Hsueh-Ming Wang
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第3期 页码 239-245 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016047
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 页码 85-92 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0917-7
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0282-0
关键词: risk evaluation maintenance steering group analytic network process task transfer maintenance program
Uncovering the evolution of tin use in the United States and its implications
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1406-6
• US tin use decreases as the GDP value added by manufacturing sector increases.
关键词: Tin use GDP Curve fitting Logistic model Gompertz model
杨金森,王芳
《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第2期 页码 119-125 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.02.015
本文在对美国、英国及我国周边部分国家海洋战略发展进行研究的基础上,总结其演变历程及战略特点,并分析其对我国产生的影响。研究认为,由于历史与环境背景的不同,各国走向海洋各有不同的战略路径和战略特点,但海洋战略的核心目标始终是谋求国家利益,海洋强国的兴衰取决于国家大战略及综合国力等因素,社会经济基础和先进的科学技术是建设海洋强国的坚实支撑,他国海洋战略为我国建设海洋强国提供了有益的经验与借鉴。
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 页码 903-912 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0871-4
关键词: homocysteine hyperhomocysteinemia H-type hypertension Chinese
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期 页码 389-394 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0281-3
Despite the current acceleration and increasing leadership of Chinese genetics research, genetics and its clinical application have largely been imported to China from the Occident. Neither genetics nor the scientific reductionism underpinning its clinical application is integral to the traditional Chinese worldview. Given that disease concepts and their incumbent diagnoses are historically derived and culturally meaningful, we hypothesize that the cultural expectations of genetic diagnoses and medical genetics practice differ between the Occident and China. Specifically, we suggest that an undiagnosed diseases program in China will differ from the recently established Undiagnosed Diseases Program at the United States National Institutes of Health; a culturally sensitive concept will integrate traditional Chinese understanding of disease with the scientific reductionism of Occidental medicine.
关键词: genetics cultural differences undiagnosed diseases program
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Chinese agricultural technology transfer to African typical dry areas: practice and experience
Qiuxia MENG, Jianjie ZHANG, Wenyan XIE, Huaiping ZHOU, Qiang ZHANG
期刊论文
SUSTAINABLE PLANT PEST MANAGEMENT THROUGH OPTIMIZATION AND MINIMIZATION
Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
期刊论文
Haloacetic acids in swimming pool and spa water in the United States and China
Xiaomao WANG,Garcia Leal M I,Xiaolu ZHANG,Hongwei YANG,Yuefeng XIE
期刊论文
Evolving perspectives on biofuels in the United States
Lisa C. DIRKS, Gary W. DIRKS, Jianguo WU
期刊论文
Sustainable Program Quality Management of International Infrastructure Construction
Steve Hsueh-Ming Wang
期刊论文
Achievements of the national malaria control and elimination program in the People’s Republic of China
期刊论文
Risk evaluation for the task transfer of an aircraft maintenance program based on a multielement connection
期刊论文
INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM NEW YORK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED
期刊论文
Status of hyperhomocysteinemia in China: results from the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening Program
期刊论文